ClouDNS

Featuring in our list is the freshly launched ClouDNS DNS tool. This tool is intended for examining DNS records linked to a specific host alongside measuring the velocity of DNS queries. Some of the records that it will show information are A, CNAME, PTR (responsible for Reverse DNS lookup), MX, CAA, NS (needed to create DNSSEC), etc. It also incorporates a comprehensive audit feature. Developed by ClouDNS, the functionality of the tool has been designed considering the need of users to optimize their server’s performance effectively. The tool offers three types of assessments – DNS records, DNS audit, and DNS speed assessments, providing a holistic insight into the server’s DNS operation. The best part? It’s completely FREE!

DNS.Computer

DNS.Computer is highly efficient and simple to use. With just the insertion of the domain name and a click on ‘audit’, this tool generates a detailed report featuring observations and suggestions for optimization. This report, even available as a download in PDF format, provides valuable insights such as nameservers at the parent server, synchronization of NS records, and data contained in the SOA (Start of Authority) record.

It also showcases A record data by location with their response times, giving you insightful geographical distribution of your DNS. Plus, it displays an average response time for your DNS, advising a switch to Anycast DNS if the response time is significantly high. Overall, DNS.Computer is a dynamic tool that offers quick and specific insights to boost your DNS performance.

30-day Free Trial for Premium Anycast DNS hosting

Pingdom DNS Test

Pingdom DNS Test outshines its dual-feature of web page speed testing and DNS troubleshooting. It pinpoints performance bottlenecks, providing insights to optimize your site’s speed and user experience. Advanced diagnostics are visualized using color codes, icons, and dots, making it a hassle-free tool for improving site performance.

Additionally, the DNS tool provides intuitive visual aids, using color codes to denote different stages of a request, icons for various content types, and colored dots for different HTTP response codes. 

What is Web (HTTP/HTTPS) monitoring?

Into DNS

IntoDNS takes DNS evaluation to a new level by providing a detailed assessment of your server’s health and configuration status. It generates exhaustive DNS reports with actionable recommendations for improvements, backed by references to official protocol documentation. This covers a series of checks from MX records to SOA data and even WWW IPs, making it a powerful tool for enhancing server performance and stability.

Check Host

Check Host DNS tool provides substantial insight into any website’s domain. By entering a hostname or IP address, it can provide data from nameservers located in different countries concurrently. This quick global overview can provide you with pertinent information about your domain from various locations. 

After you input a domain into the Check Host DNS tool, it will give you comprehensive information, including the DNS result under specific categories such as ‘Location,’ ‘Result,’ and ‘TTL (Time to Live).’ Each of these categories gives you insight into different aspects of your domain’s DNS performance in various locations worldwide. That means, you can evaluate the response time (ping) from a variety of locations, which aids in testing server speed globally.

What Ping monitoring is?

View DNS

ViewDNS offers an all-embracing analysis of your domain’s DNS settings. Aimed at assisting webmasters and system administrators, this tool completes multiple tests to uncover DNS-related issues. Moreover, it checks A records for each NS at parent servers and whether the local nameservers send the IP address (glue) along with your NS records. These results are displayed in a readily understood format, offering valuable insights for your DNS health and improvement recommendations.

Suggested article: What are Glue records?

WhatsmyDNS

WhatsmyDNS effectively simplifies DNS queries with its DNS Lookup tool. It allows you to query DNS servers and receive quick insights for any domain name. The tool is designed to support most common DNS record types and also lets you choose from a selection of DNS servers. It’s a valuable resource for conducting a fast and robust DNS check.

DNSdumpster

DNSdumpster also deserves a mention – this is a no-cost domain research tool that’s instrumental in identifying specific hosts associated with a particular domain. Conducting a visibility check of hosts from the perspective of potential attackers forms a crucial aspect of a security assessment process, and this is exactly what DNSdumpster assists with. It also features an additional unique functionality called ‘mapping the domain,’ the data for which can be conveniently downloaded in a .xlsx format for a comprehensive list of hosts. This tool is particularly useful for those focusing on enhancing their server security measures.

Benefits of regular DNS audits

Performing regular DNS audits is essential to maintaining the health of your server and website. These audits can identify issues such as outdated or incorrect DNS records, misconfigurations, and potential security vulnerabilities. By regularly checking the accuracy and performance of your DNS setup, you ensure your domain resolves correctly for all users, reducing the chances of downtime or delays. DNS audits also help you stay compliant with best practices, optimize load balancing, and improve your website’s speed by using the best available resources. Ultimately, consistent DNS audits lead to enhanced performance, increased security, and a better user experience.

Conclusion

In summary, these DNS tools offer a range of features to help you test and optimize your server’s DNS performance, ensuring global accessibility, troubleshooting, and security enhancement. Whether you’re a novice or an experienced user, these tools provide valuable insights into your DNS infrastructure’s health and performance

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But first, let’s explain a little bit more about what DNS records actually are.

DNS records briefly explained

DNS records are simple text-based instructions for a specific domain name. Their main purpose is to set precise rules for the domain. Additionally, they are created and gathered in a zone file in the DNS zone. All that information is stored on the Authoritative DNS server for the particular domain name. As we mentioned, DNS records are completely made of text. Therefore, they are pretty light. That allows DNS administrators to edit and adjust them easily. 

Every DNS record type has a different function, so each of them is important for the proper management of the domain name. Moreover, when a user makes a request, the Recursive DNS servers search for a precise DNS record type. 

For the rest of this article, we are going to present to you some of the most important and interesting DNS record types. 

Common DNS record types

There are several types of DNS records, each serving a different purpose. Let’s take a look at some of the most common ones:

SOA Record

SOA (Start of Authority) shows the start of the authority DNS zone and specifies the global parameters of the zone. Every zone must have one, and you can’t add two per zone. It has the following parameters: Serial number, Primary Nameserver, DNS admin’s email, Refresh Rate, Retry Rate, Expire Time and TTL.

A and AAAA Records

These DNS record types are perhaps the most popular and also most important. The A record and the AAAA record are both responsible for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address. This is what enables users to access your website via its domain name. The difference is that A record points to an IPv4 and the AAAA record to IPv6.

MX Record

The MX record, commonly also known as mail exchange record, is used to specify the email server responsible for accepting incoming email messages for a domain name. This DNS record type is crucial for ensuring that your email gets delivered to the correct mail server. Basically, it says which server should receive the incoming emails. If it is not directed well, you won’t receive emails.

CNAME Record

CNAME record is another very popular DNS record type where the short acronym “CNAME” stands for Canonical Name. It allows you to point one hostname to another, not to an IP address like the A and AAAA records. You can use it when you want to create an alias for a domain name. It serves just for subdomains. It is important to note that you can add only one CNAME record per hostname.

TXT Record

The TXT record allows you to add and store text-based information about a domain name. There are all kinds of TXT records and some of them people can easily understand, and others are specifically for machines to read. For example, DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) record is a TXT record that associates a domain name with a specific email message. There is also DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) record that identifies and blocks spam and phishing emails by verifying the emails.

SPF Record

Creating an SPF (Sender Policy Framework) record shows who is authorized to send emails with a particular domain. Without it, all the emails you send will go directly to the spam folder of the recipients. It is helpful for preventing email spoofing and phishing attacks.

NS Record

The short acronym “NS” stands for Nameservers, and this NS record points the domain name to its authoritative DNS servers responsible for the DNS zone. The NS record is essential for ensuring that your domain name is properly registered and configured.

SRV Record

SRV records are responsible for defining the locations of servers for specified services, such as voice-over IP (VoIP), instant messaging, and others.

Web Redirect (WR) Record

The Web Redirect record does precisely what it says. It redirects from one address to another. There are a few types: 301 redirect which is a permanent redirect, and 302 redirect, which is temporary, if the address has been moved but not permanently. You can do such a redirection with SSL too.

ALIAS Record

ALIAS record is a very similar to the CNAME record. It allows you to add various hostnames for the same subdomain. You can use it for the root domain as well. This type of record is built into the ClouDNS.

RP Record

The RP record, or Responsible person record, shows who is responsible for the domain name and specifies its email address.

SSHFP Record

Secure Shell Fingerprint record is used for Secure Shell (SSH). The SSHFP record is typically used with DNSSEC enabled domains. When an SSH client connects to a server, he or she checks the corresponding SSHFP record. If there is a match, the server is legit, and it is safe to connect to it.

PTR Record

The PTR record, also commonly known as the Pointer record, points an IP address (IPv4 or IPv6) to a domain name. It is the exact opposite of the A and AAAA records, which match the hostnames to IP addresses. PTR records are used for Reverse DNS.

NAPTR Record

IP telephony uses Naming Authority Pointer records, or for short NAPTR records,  for mapping the servers and the users’ addresses in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

CAA record

Certification Authority Authorization (CAA record) record gives the ability to the DNS domain name holder to issue certificates for his/her domain. The record can set policies for the whole domain or for specific hostnames.

Wildcard DNS Record

The Wildcard DNS record will match requests for non-existing domain names. It is specified with a “*” for example *.cloudns.net

For more information, examples, and video tutorials check the following DNS record wiki page.

How many DNS record types are there?

The Domain Name System (DNS) offers an extensive collection of DNS record types, each tailored to specific functions within the internet’s architecture. Currently, there are over 60 standardized DNS record types, which highlights the system’s complexity and adaptability to various networking needs.

Among these record types are the fundamental A and AAAA records, which respectively map domain names to IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, enabling the routing of internet traffic. MX records handle mail server information, directing emails to the appropriate destination, while CNAME records help aliasing one domain name to another.

Beyond these basics, there is a large number of specialized DNS record types designed to cater to specific requirements. TXT records store text data, serving purposes like domain verification and SPF (Sender Policy Framework) for email authentication. PTR records enable reverse DNS lookups, aiding in network diagnostics and security measures.

Moreover, DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions) has introduced additional record types which strengthen DNS security. These include DNSKEY records for cryptographic keys and RRSIG records for digital signatures, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of DNS data.

As technology advances, new record types may emerge to address challenges and requirements in internet communication and security. Despite this evolution, the core DNS record types remain vital components of the internet’s infrastructure, supporting its functionality and reliability.

Conclusion

Knowing more DNS records and how to use them will give you an advantage in your DNS usage. You can manage better, and you can get better results.
If you can’t figure out how to use some of the records on your own, you can always contact our Live chat Support who would be happy to help you.

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The post Types of DNS records – What are they and what is their purpose? appeared first on ClouDNS Blog.

How to check the TTL using Windows OS?

You will need to open the Command Prompt as an administrator. From there, you need to use the nslookup. Write this on the command line “nslookup -type=soa www.cloudns.net”. You will get an answer from the authoritative server with the TTL.

You can change the type of the record and look it up for A, AAAA, MX or another type.

How to check the TTL using Linux OS and Mac OS?

You will need to use the dig command.

“dig a cloudns.net” This will give you a long answer. If you want just the TTL, you can try dig +nocmd +noall +answer +ttlid a www.cloudns.net

You can check the different DNS records by changing the text on the last before the domain. For example for AAAA records it will be: dig +nocmd +noall +answer +ttlid aaaa www.cloudns.net and for the MX it will be: dig +nocmd +noall +answer +ttlid mx www.cloudns.net

The previous answers are provided by the recursive servers. If you want to ask directly an authoritative nameserver you should add “+trace” after the “dig” and it will look like this: dig +trace +nocmd +noall +answer +ttlid aaaa www.cloudns.netTTL for different DNS records

• If you want to setup different TTL for every single record you can use our Anycast DNS network!

Easy way to check the SOA TTL value

Now, let’s see how to check the SOA TTL value, which is important for understanding the duration DNS records are cached and how quickly changes are propagated across the internet. For this purpose, we will use the ClouDNS Free DNS tool, a straightforward and effective solution for DNS management and analysis.

1. Access ClouDNS Free DNS Tool
Navigate to the ClouDNS website and locate their Free DNS Tool. This tool is specifically designed for conducting DNS audits and other DNS-related inquiries.

2. Enter the domain name
In the Free DNS Tool interface, you’ll find a field to input the domain name you wish to investigate. This is where you type in the full domain (for example, “cloudns.net”). It’s crucial to ensure the domain name is entered correctly to get accurate results.

3. Choose DNS audit and Select DNS resolver
Once the domain is entered, you need to specify the type of inquiry you’re making. Select “DNS audit” from the available options. Then, choose a DNS resolver. Typically, you might have options like Cloudflare, Google, etc. The choice of DNS resolver can influence the results, as different resolvers might have different cached data.

4. Review the results
After initiating the audit, the tool will process your request and display the results. In these results, look for the SOA (Start of Authority) record section. This part of the report will include information about the primary nameserver, the responsible party for the domain, and various timers related to the domain’s DNS records.

Most importantly, locate the “Default TTL” value within the SOA record section. This number, typically shown in seconds, is the SOA TTL value for the domain. It indicates the duration for which DNS records are cached by resolvers.

Shorter or longer TTL?

Many clients prefer to set the TTL to a long period like 2 days (172 800 seconds). This will reduce the load on the DNS servers, because the queries need to be done less frequently. This can be good if you have a very limited DNS plan, but your clients won’t be happy about it. Make your clients’ experience better, with lower TTL and frequently updated records.  Shorter TTL is useful if you have a very dynamic environment.

A and AAAA records. You can set it as low as 60 seconds if you really need your clients to get the latest update, but we recommend to have it around 1-2 hours to reduce the load on the servers. You can put it as long as 12 hours or a whole day.

SOA record. Unlike other DNS records, SOA controls the speed of DNS updates. A longer TTL (e.g., 48 hours) delays updates but reduces server load. A shorter TTL (e.g., 2 hours) speeds up updates but increases server queries. Choose based on your update frequency and server capacity.

CNAME record. If you need to deliver a lot of content to different parts, you can lower the TTL but in normal conditions you can leave it to 12 hours

MX record. System that have a static IP (it doesn’t change) can put 1800 seconds or more, but the rest with dynamic IP must keep the TTL low.

TXT record. This one you don’t change a lot, so you can set it up to 12hours.

You can experiment with the TTL to see which suits you best. Remember the lower it is, the more often the recursive servers will update the information which is good for your clients. But this will signify a bigger load on your servers and more queries. You should see the results and think if you want to move to a lower or to a higher DNS plan.

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